logins
mysql is a simple SQL shell (with GNU readline capabilities). It supports interactive and non-interactive use. When used interactively, query results are presented in an ASCII-table format. When used non-interactively (for example, as a filter), the result is presented in tab-separated format. The output format can be changed using command options. For auto login to [...]
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A jail broken Apple iPhone with OpenSSH installed is accessible over the internet using ssh and the default root password “alpine“. You can use a short script to find IP addresses that have port 22 open and try to login. You can run this script from your Mac or any Linux machine. #!/bin/shfourth=1 third=0 mkdir [...]
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If you are unfamiliar with SSH this is ok. This is a simple explanation to get you to a command prompt on your new server or existing server. Simply download a program called “putty.exe” if you are using Windows. If you are using MAC you will need to jump in to the shell and follow [...]
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This article uses postfix as the mail transport agent (MTA), as opposed to sendmail, the default MTA for CentOS. Dovecot is used to allow users to access their email by either imap or pop protocols. We assume a domain name of example.com which should be changed by the reader and can be either a real [...]
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This allows full access through our firewall to certain trusted sources (host PCs). Now we’ll look at how we can filter against protocols and ports to further refine what incoming packets we allow and what we block. Before we can begin, we need to know what protocol and port number a given service uses. For [...]
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You would like to block all network traffic using iptables firewall under Debian GNU/Linux. This will block all incoming and outgoing traffic including Internet aka ADSL/ppp0 and it is highly recommend. The logic is block everything and allow only required traffic. This can be done with four simple commands: # iptable -F # iptables -P [...]
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I can use tcpdump to verify that encryption is working. Here is what a plain unencrypted POP mail session looks like. This is an abbreviated example showing only the initial three-way TCP handshake. You can do this yourself by firing up tcpdump, then checking mail. Ctrl+C stops it: # tcpdump port 110 15:04:49.050227 windbag.34348 > [...]
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 xinetd, the eXtended InterNET Daemon, is an open-source daemon which runs on many Linux and Unix systems and manages Internet-based connectivity. It offers a more secure extension to or version of inetd, the Internet daemon. xinetd performs the same function as inetd: it starts programs that provide Internet services. Instead of having such servers started [...]
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A number of commands can provide information about your newly created database. Here are some examples: Login As The Database User: It is best to do all your database testing as the MySQL user you want the application to eventually use. This will make your testing mimic the actions of the application and results in [...]
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Command Summary Use arp Command mostly used for checking existing Ethernet connectivity and IP address Most common use: arp This command should be used in conjunction with the ifconfig and route commands. It is mostly useful for me to check a network card and get the IP address quick. Obviously there are many more parameters, [...]
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An alternative to TCP wrappers (although you can use both at the same time) is limiting SSH access with iptables. Here’s a simple example of how you can allow only a specific host to connect to your SSH service: ~# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state –state NEW –source 193.180.177.13 –dport 22 -j ACCEPT [...]
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This approach is useful if you would like to allow only specific hosts on a network to be able to connect to your SSH service, but you don’t want to use or mess up your iptables configuration. Instead, you can use TCP wrappers; in this case the sshd TCP wrapper. I will make a rule [...]
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Many users, despite having a good Net connection, complain about poor surfing and download speeds. While an organization could pay for additional bandwidth, a better option might be to manage the bandwidth they already have. There are numerous bandwidth management software tools available. In this article we will explore managing network bandwidth using the dummynet [...]
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This is an introductory guide for people learning to use a Linux system. It focuses on command-line usage. This is not because everyone will be doing everything at the command line. On the contrary, there are many useful GUI tools and programs in Linux, and some people will be content to stay with these. However, in contrast to GUI programs, which can be learned largely by “click and try”, the command-line requires some deliberate learning, and reading documentation. The benefit of this investment is that you will learn the tools and tricks of the command line which are in many cases faster, more powerful, and more flexible than any GUI program.
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User accounting can be used to discover information about who is currently using the system. While you cannot necessarily verify the integrity of this information once your machine has been exploited, it can be a useful tool to track the systems a particular user has logged into, what time he or she logged in, when [...]
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